Design Philosophies in Structural Design | WSM, ULM and LSM

Over time, engineers have come up with different ways to design reinforced concrete structures. We started with the working stress method (WSM), then moved on to the ultimate load method (ULM), and now we use the limit state design theory (LSM), which is the best way to design structures today.Let’s discuss each method one by one in detail.What is Design Philosophy?